POSTGLACIAL VEGETATION AND CLIMATE CHANGES INFERRED FROM A PEAT POLLEN RECORD IN THE RÍO PIPO VALLEY, SOUTHERN TIERRA DEL FUEGO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5710/PEAPA.24.03.2016.91Abstract
Abstract. The pollen analysis from Cañadón del Toro peat bog (54° 49’ 36” S; 68° 27’ 36” W), located in an interior valley of the Fuegian Andes, provides information about vegetation and climate changes during the last 13,500 years. The results indicate the postglacial development of steppe-like vegetation under drier and colder conditions than today, followed by the expansion of Nothofagus into the valley after 10,350 cal. yr BP. At this time, the predominance of a forest-steppe ecotone suggests warm conditions and an increase in moisture availability. By about 6,700 cal. yr BP, the closed-canopy Nothofagus forest spread under cold and wet conditions. The mire environment also reflects the increasing trend of effective moisture changing from an initial minerotrophic Cyperaceae fen to an ombrotrophic Sphagnum bog development.
KEY WORDS. Vegetation and climate history. Lateglacial-Holocene. Interior valleys. Tierra del Fuego.
Resumen. CAMBIOS DE LA VEGETACIÓN Y CLIMA POSTGLACIAL INFERIDOS A PARTIR DE UN REGISTRO POLÍNICO DE UNA TURBERA EN EL VALLE DEL RÍO PIPO, SUR DE TIERRA DEL FUEGO. El análisis polínico de la turbera Cañadón del Toro (54° 49’ 36” S; 68° 27’ 36” W), ubicada en un valle interior de los Andes Fueguinos, brindó información sobre los cambios de vegetación y clima durante los últimos 13.500 años. Los resultados indicaron el desarrollo postglacial de una vegetación de estepa bajo condiciones más secas y frías que las actuales, seguidas por la expansión de Nothofagus en el valle con posterioridad a los 10.350 años cal. AP. Durante este período, la predominancia del ecotono bosque-estepa sugiere condiciones más cálidas y un incremento en la disponibilidad de humedad. Alrededor de los 6.700 años cal. AP, el bosque cerrado de Nothofagus se expande bajo condiciones frías y húmedas. El ambiente de la turbera también refleja el paulatino incremento de humedad efectiva cambiando desde una turbera minerotrófica de Cyperaceae a una ombrotrófica de Sphagnum.
PALABRAS CLAVE. Historia de la vegetación y el clima. Tardiglacial-Holoceno. Valles interiores. Tierra del Fuego.
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