ANÁLISIS Y MÉTODOS PALEOECOLÓGICOS PARA LA RECONSTRUCCIÓN DE COMUNIDADES DE BOSQUE Y ESTEPAS DE PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA

Autores/as

  • María V. Mancini IIMYC Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET
  • Florencia P. Bamonte
  • María A. Marcos
  • Gonzalo D. Sottile
  • Marcos E. Echeverría

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5710/PEAPA.11.07.2018.256

Resumen

Resumen. En este trabajo se discuten los diferentes aspectos metodológicos a tener en cuenta en los estudios paleoecológicos. Las consideraciones teóricas y metodológicas discutidas incluyen los siguientes aspectos: tipos de depósitos, procesos tafonómicos, representación polínica actual a partir de muestras de sedimento y registro de la vegetación, suma polínica representativa de la composición de la comunidad vegetal, productividad polínica diferencial y dispersión de taxones y su representación espacial, precisión taxonómica y la comparación con la vegetación en cada área, y análisis de múltiples indicadores. Las investigaciones realizadas por los autores en distintas áreas y depósitos de Patagonia, basadas principalmente en el análisis polínico, se utilizaron para ejemplificar y sintetizar estos diferentes aspectos y su importancia en la reconstrucción de ambientes del pasado. La integración de datos provenientes de múltiples sitios permitió reducir las limitaciones impuestas por las incertidumbres contenidas en el conjunto de datos de un único sitio, por ejemplo, discontinuidades, sesgos, sobre o subrepresentaciones de taxones. Esta integración también permitió poner a prueba hipótesis sobre cambios en el clima a escala regional a partir de los cambios en la vegetación. 

Palabras clave. Análisis polínico. Aspectos metodológicos. Tipos de depósitos. Tafonomía. Relación polen-vegetación. Múltiples indicadores.


Abstract. PALEOECOLOGICAL ANALYSES AND METHODS FOR FOREST AND STEPPE COMMUNITIES RECONSTRUCTION IN PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA. In this paper we discuss the different methodological aspects to be taken into account in paleoecological studies. The theoretical-methodological considerations discussed include the following aspects: deposit types, taphonomic processes, pollen representation from modern sediment samples and vegetation records,  pollen sum representative of the plant community composition, differential productivity and dispersion of taxa and their spatial representation, taxonomic precision and comparison with vegetation in each area, and multiproxy analysis. The investigations carried out by the authors in different areas and deposits of Patagonia, based mainly on palynological analysis, were applied to exemplify and synthesize these different aspects and their importance in the environmental reconstruction of the past. The data set integration from multi-site allowed us to overcome limitations contained in a single site data set, such as discontinuities, biases, or taxa overrepresentations. This integration also allowed us to test climate change hypotheses at a regional scale based on vegetation changes. 


Key words. Pollen analysis. Methodology. Deposit types. Taphonomy. Pollen- vegetation relationship. Multiproxies.

Citas

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10/12/2018

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Volumen Temático